Pros

Traveling by rail is often more affordable than by plane and is relatively fast.

It’s often easier to book a seat on a train on short notice than it is to get a seat on a flight.

There are not long line-ups.

You can book a seat on the quiet car and enjoy amenities that may include complimentary snacks and beverages, internet access, and more.

Sleeper cars provide beds and private facilities.

Cons

While train travel is fast, it’s still much slower than plane travel

You can only stop when and where the schedule dictates.

Although there are many areas with reliable and regular trains, there are many other areas that aren’t served by any railroads.

Train stations in unfamiliar cities can be difficult to find and navigate, particularly when you are carrying luggage.

Once on the train you usually need to keep an eye on your possessions, so train travel doesn’t guarantee you’ll be rested when you arrive. 

Carry your creature comforts

Wear closed-toe shoes. In some countries it’s against the law not to wear shoes. In all countries it’s just a good idea. You can slip them off when you’re sitting at your seat but wear shoes whenever you must walk somewhere, especially in the bathroom.

Bring a blanket or sweatshirt. The train may be cold, especially at night. Prepare for frigid conditions.

Bring wet wipes and toilet paper.  The next best thing to a shower is a good wipe down with a wet wipe. As for the toilet paper, some trains will have it, others won’t. In any case, all will be running a little low by the time the ride is over.

Pack snacks. Some trains have dining cars, but not all of them have edible food or the food is astronomically expensive. You may also be able to buy snacks, but chances are they aren’t all that healthy, and the selection might be poor.

Fully charge any electronics before boarding. You might not find an outlet on the train.

Considerations to be made

Unplug. Some trains are beginning to offer free wireless internet service. Better yet, a train provides opportunity to read a good book or just watch the landscape roll by.

If you’ll be on the train for longer than one night, get a sleeper. Coach seats are quite comfy and way roomier than trying to squeeze into an airplane seat. They may even recline quite nicely. But if you’ll be on the train for more than one night a sleeper is worth the extra cost.

Know where to get off. Know which station you need before you get there, and be patient. When arriving in a city (especially on a commuter train), you may stop at several suburban stations with signs indicating your destination’s name and the name of the neighborhood. Don’t jump out until you’ve reached the proper station. If you do find yourself at the wrong station, don’t despair: It’s a safe bet that a city’s stations are connected by frequent trains, and probably subway or buses as well. If all else fails, you can link by taxi.